On the afternoon of April 29, 2020, the press conference of the "Global Port Development Report (2019)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") and the port development keynote speech of the expert forum series activities of the Shanghai International Shipping Research Center (SISI) were held for the first time in the form of live video conference.
The meeting was chaired by Zhen Hong, the secretary general of Shanghai International Shipping Research Center and professor of Shanghai Maritime University, who led the report preparation team. Zhao Nan, assistant secretary general of SISI and director of the Institute of Port Development, presided over the meeting and released the Report.
When interpreting the Report, Xie Wenqing, assistant director of SISI Port Development Research Institute, analyzed the development environment of global ports in 2019, production status, development status of global terminal operators, terminal investment and construction, the impact of Indian shipping policy on port development, port supply chain and cross-border e-commerce cooperation mode, global terminal operators' anti-risk ability and investment, and the development trend of global cruise ports, The contents of the report are analyzed in detail.
When talking about the development trend of global ports in 2020, Xie Wenqing believed that, affected by the global pandemic of COVID-19 and the soaring cost of shipping under low sulfur oil, the growth rate of global economy and trade will fall sharply in 2020, and the growth rate of global port throughput may fall. Specifically, ports in Asia may face negative growth, ports in the Americas and Europe continue to decline, and the growth rate of ports in Australia stagnates.
At the same time, the port investment market is in a downturn in the short term, which is reflected in the relatively stable construction of ports in Asia, the new round of construction of ports in East America will be put on hold, the pace of port construction in China will gradually slow down, and the demand for automatic terminal construction may increase.
In terms of global terminal operators, the Report believes that the tide of integration will reappear, mainly because terminal operators sell assets to promote integration. From the perspective of the capacity change and operation of the global important terminal operators, such as COSCO Shipping Port, China Merchants Port, Dubai Universal Port Group, Maersk Terminal, Singapore International Port Group, and Hutchison Port, the growth rate of the global terminal operators is generally good.
When forecasting the development trend of the port supply chain, Xie Wenqing said that in the future, more attention will be paid to the comprehensive customized services of customers. For customers, the biggest benefit brought by the integration of relevant services is the "seamless" logistics experience.
For service providers, the wider the coverage of services, the higher the service fees they can earn. And the extension of supply chain services to the upstream and downstream also means more customized service solutions and a wider customer base.
At the same time, the port supply chain also shows the trend of online development. This not only facilitates the collaborative development, but also puts forward higher requirements for the response speed of the logistics supply chain itself.
How does the port supply chain coordinate with cross-border e-commerce?
Xie Wenqing concluded that the essence of the coordinated development of port logistics supply chain and cross-border e-commerce is the deep integration of the port industry into the global logistics supply chain market.
Specifically, in the face of such inevitable trends as decentralization, fragmentation of orders, and flattening of supply chain, the port supply chain must seize the opportunity of the era of "interconnection of everything". In the future, cross-border trade can provide "end-to-end" logistics integration services through third-party cross-border e-commerce platforms.
Taking advantage of the agglomeration effect of e-commerce platform, port supply chain service providers need to extend insurance, banking and other service providers on the basis of combining ports, shipping companies, terminals, freight forwarders, warehousing, customs declaration, and fleets, and develop a cross-border supply chain ecosystem. At the meeting, Professor Zhenhong also exchanged and shared with online guests on hot topics.
First, the development of port enterprises shows the trend of network layout in the sea and land directions. The global terminal operators strengthen the control of the sea port network and the layout of inland dry ports, extending the port service function to the inland.
The second is to build a "process and process" connection, build a logistics supply chain with ports as the core, and provide a "flexible service" port with stronger responsiveness to changes in market demand.
The third is to strengthen the coordinated development of ports and cities. For example, at present, the port area has become an important support for the development of the port, and the development model of "port area+logistics park+port industrial park" can be created.
Fourth, the sustainable development model of the port can be developed in the direction of "resource-saving+environment-friendly".
Fifthly, smart ports with full coverage of information and data acquisition capabilities and advanced digital technology application capabilities will be the only way for future port development.
It is understood that this series of Reports has won the second prize of the Science and Technology Progress Award of the China Port Association. In the 2019 Global Maritime Transport Report released recently by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the relevant data of the 2018 Global Port Development Report has also been cited.